MAGNETIC FIELDS.

The ancient Greeks believed the main cause that the magnet attracts iron objects is that it has very tiny hooks on its surface and this idea was eliminated easily as there is no explanation for making iron objects fly towards the magnet and it could attract iron with a thin piece of paper presented as a constraint. The attracting power of this stone makes us think of the real cause of this happening.

Magnet power field.

 how it does that?   its identical that the magnet has its own power field. Scientists have contributed the magnetic fields theory in order to explain this phenomenon. The magnet affects other magnetic objects movement near to it whether by rebelling or attraction, and this affected area called the field of power or the Magnetic Field.

The filings aggregate at the poles more
than in the middle.

You can observe this magnetic field by laying a straight magnet over the table and then put a piece of paper over it, then through some iron filings over the paper, you will observe that the filings took circular shapes after vibrating it a little over the magnet, you can also see that the iron filings have aggregated at the poles of the magnet more than the middle, which of course explain where the force is higher at poles, the magnetic field consists of lines called " Force Field Lines" and these are virsual lines extends from the north pole to the south pole.

Earth's Magnetic Field.

The Compass was the first practical use of the magnet to help you know the directions. This depends on the fact that the Earth has a magnetic field and that it functions as a huge magnetic field. And to imagine the earth in its rotation around the imaginary axis, one end is the North Pole and the other is the South and these are poles of the earth.

Compass.

And the earth acts as a huge magnet and therefore any magnets will be attached from the middle will be heading in the direction of the polar region to the north and the other to the south. In fact, the compass does not refer to the correct the North Pole and is moving towards the North Magnetic Pole, which is geographically a few hundred miles from the correct the North Pole.

Aurora Polaris where Sun's charged
 particles aggregated by Earth's north pole.

 And the navigators always adjust the direction to correct this error and this is not fixed calculations as the axis of the earth changes every few years. Sometimes the compass is exposed to some external influences if it passes over a large piece of steel or to the presence of layers of iron in the ground. This effect can be concealed from the compass with a piece of wrought iron. But now the GPS is used, which is used by all navigators around the world.