QUANTUM THEORY

An Early 1890s light bulb.

The quantum theory  started with a light bulb, in the early 1890s the  the Scientist Max Planck was given a mission by the German Bureau of standards to make the light bulbs more efficient, to give out the maximum light for the least amount of power (Volts). The first task Max Planck did was to predict how much a light a hot filament gives of light, the information he knew that light consisted of an electromagnetic waves with different colors of light carried by different frequency waves, the problem he faced first is that he have to give out a strong visible light waves that is not ultraviolet or infra red waves, he tried to experiment how much light of each color a hot object emits, but his predictions based on electromagnetic theory was not correct with his experiments instead he disregarded the Electromagnetic theory and worked backwards from the experimental measurements, the data pointed him to a new rules of physics, "Light waves carry energy only in packets" with high frequency light consisting of large packets of energy and low frequency light consists of low amount of energy packets, he conclude that light comes as quantum and the Idea was brand new to the physics world and it was at this time, but Albert Einstein has related his experiment to another issue problem , the light bulb contain a wire thread, the last by its turn changes it's color with certain amounts of energy or power that is provided to the bulb, late he explained: that the atom consists of the Proton, Neutron and Electron, when we charge the Electron with a certain amount of energy, it changes it's color and move up to a higher orbit in the atom and the energy that was directed to this electron is emitted to the outer range as a light wave with a specific color ranges from red to yellow then white as how much energy it consumes, then when after this power cuts of the bulb the Electron goes back to it's original orbit with no emission. then he explained that the light will be efficient if only works in the high frequency waves not less or more.  

Light Waves.

So a higher temperature just means higher average energy, and thus by Planck's rule, a higher frequency of light emitted. That's why as an object gets hotter, it glows first infrared, then red, yellow, white, hotter and hotter towards blue, violet, ultraviolet, and so on.

Specifically, Planck's quantum theory of fussy light tells us that light bulb filaments should be heated to a temperature of about 3,200 Kelvin to ensure that most of the energy is emitted as visible waves. Much hotter, and we'd start tanning from the ultraviolet light. Actually, quantum physics has been staring us in the face since long before light bulbs and tanning beds. Human beings have been gazing into fires for millennia with the color of the flames spelling out quantum all along.